Demo data

Year-end 2026 outlook

EUR/GBP forecast for 31 Dec 2026

Fresh

Reference rate
0.8820 pounds per euro · ECB daily reference rate · frozenGBP per euro · frozen
Dates and timesHide dates and times
Rate observed
Friday, 30 Oct 2026 · ECB fixing, about 16:00 CET
Forecast published
31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC · rate 15 h old
Target
31 Dec 2026 · settles on the ECB rate for Thursday, 31 Dec

Reference rate from 30 Oct. The ECB publishes no reference rates at weekends or on TARGET holidays. The outcome uses the ECB fixing of Thursday, 31 Dec 2026.

Settles on Thursday, 31 Dec 2026

Research estimate AI average · uncalibrated

AI average · uncalibrated Two research runs, by OpenAI and Claude. Each one searches news, central-bank and market data, cites what it used, then estimates. Weighted equally. ECB reference rate for 31 Dec 2026.

±1% from 0.8820 ±5% from 0.8820 ±10% from 0.8820 ±50% from 0.8820

Down 1% or more

41%

0.8732 or lower

Between −1% and +1%

26%

0.8732 to 0.8908

Up 1% or more

33%

0.8908 or higher

Down 1% or more

0.8732 or lower

41%

Between −1% and +1%

0.8732 to 0.8908

26%

Up 1% or more

0.8908 or higher

33%

The most likely of the three outcomes is down 1% or more, at 41%. Down 41% · Within 26% · Up 33% at ±1%.

Down 5% or more

7%

0.8379 or lower

Between −5% and +5%

88%

0.8379 to 0.9261

Up 5% or more

5%

0.9261 or higher

Down 5% or more

0.8379 or lower

7%

Between −5% and +5%

0.8379 to 0.9261

88%

Up 5% or more

0.9261 or higher

5%

The most likely of the three outcomes is between −5% and +5%, at 88%. Down 7% · Within 88% · Up 5% at ±5%.

Down 10% or more

0.4%

0.7938 or lower

Between −10% and +10%

99.2%

0.7938 to 0.9702

Up 10% or more

0.4%

0.9702 or higher

Down 10% or more

0.7938 or lower

0.4%

Between −10% and +10%

0.7938 to 0.9702

99.2%

Up 10% or more

0.9702 or higher

0.4%

The most likely of the three outcomes is between −10% and +10%, at 99.2%. Down 0.4% · Within 99.2% · Up 0.4% at ±10%.

Down 50% or more

<0.1%

0.4410 or lower

Between −50% and +50%

>99.9%

0.4410 to 1.3230

Up 50% or more

<0.1%

1.3230 or higher

Down 50% or more

0.4410 or lower

<0.1%

Between −50% and +50%

0.4410 to 1.3230

>99.9%

Up 50% or more

1.3230 or higher

<0.1%

The most likely of the three outcomes is between −50% and +50%, at >99.9%. Down <0.1% · Within >99.9% · Up <0.1% at ±50%.

How boundaries are counted

Down includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.8732 counts as Down.

Up includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.8908 counts as Up.

Within is strictly between 0.8732 and 0.8908. The three outcomes cannot overlap and always sum to 100%.

Down includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.8379 counts as Down.

Up includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.9261 counts as Up.

Within is strictly between 0.8379 and 0.9261. The three outcomes cannot overlap and always sum to 100%.

Down includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.7938 counts as Down.

Up includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.9702 counts as Up.

Within is strictly between 0.7938 and 0.9702. The three outcomes cannot overlap and always sum to 100%.

Down includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 0.4410 counts as Down.

Up includes its boundary: a rate of exactly 1.3230 counts as Up.

Within is strictly between 0.4410 and 1.3230. The three outcomes cannot overlap and always sum to 100%.

The rate on the target date, not whether a level is touched before it. Probability estimates, not guarantees. Methodology and limitations.

EUR/GBP · 31 Dec · ±1% Down 41%, within 26%, up 33%
EUR/GBP · 31 Dec · ±5% Down 7%, within 88%, up 5%
EUR/GBP · 31 Dec · ±10% Down 0.4%, within 99.2%, up 0.4%
EUR/GBP · 31 Dec · ±50% Down <0.1%, within >99.9%, up <0.1%

Rate so far and forecast range

EUR/GBP since 31 Jul, then where the research estimate puts the rate on 31 Dec 2026.

Middle estimate
0.8788
Even odds above or below
50% chance between
0.8594 – 0.8973
25th to 75th percentile
80% chance between
0.8417 – 0.9188
10th to 90th percentile
0.9250.9000.8750.8500.825 31 Jul31 Aug30 Sep31 Oct30 Nov31 Dec RATE HISTORYFORECAST RANGETARGET +1% · 0.8908 −1% · 0.8732 +5% · 0.9261 −5% · 0.8379 +10% · 0.9702 ↑ −10% · 0.7938 ↓ +50% · 1.3230 ↑ −50% · 0.4410 ↓ 90th · 0.9188 75th · 0.8973 Median · 0.8788 25th · 0.8594 10th · 0.8417 0.8820 0.9250.9000.8750.8500.825 31 Jul31 Aug30 Sep31 Oct30 Nov31 Dec +1% · 0.8908 −1% · 0.8732 +5% · 0.9261 −5% · 0.8379 +10% · 0.9702 ↑ −10% · 0.7938 ↓ +50% · 1.3230 ↑ −50% · 0.4410 ↓ 0.8820
The forecast is only for 31 Dec 2026, 23:59 UTC; the shading between 30 Oct and 31 Dec is interpolated for readability, not a forecast of the path. Percentiles come from the AI average, spread evenly within each threshold band. The models put 74% of the probability outside ±1%.
Chart data as a table
Forecast percentiles for 31 Dec 2026, 23:59 UTC (AI average)
PercentileRate
10th0.8417
25th0.8594
Median (50th)0.8788
75th0.8973
90th0.9188
EUR/GBP rate history, month-ends and the reference date
DateRate
31 Jul 20260.8425
31 Aug 20260.8324
30 Sep 20260.8520
30 Oct 20260.8820

All movement thresholds

AI average for the ECB reference rate for Thursday, 31 Dec 2026, from the 0.8820 reference. Rates are pounds per euro. All four thresholds are on this page; choosing one updates the panels above.

AI average probabilities for each movement threshold
ThresholdMove Down Within Up Selection
±1% 41% Down 1% or more: 0.8732 or lower 26% Between −1% and +1%: 0.8732 to 0.8908 33% Up 1% or more: 0.8908 or higher Selected Show ±1%
±5% 7% Down 5% or more: 0.8379 or lower 88% Between −5% and +5%: 0.8379 to 0.9261 5% Up 5% or more: 0.9261 or higher Selected Show ±5%
±10% 0.4% Down 10% or more: 0.7938 or lower 99.2% Between −10% and +10%: 0.7938 to 0.9702 0.4% Up 10% or more: 0.9702 or higher Selected Show ±10%
±50% <0.1% Down 50% or more: 0.4410 or lower >99.9% Between −50% and +50%: 0.4410 to 1.3230 <0.1% Up 50% or more: 1.3230 or higher Selected Show ±50%

Within ranges exclude both boundaries. Wider thresholds always have a larger Within share: the estimates nest consistently. A 50% move in a major currency pair is extremely unlikely; the estimate is shown rather than hidden so all four thresholds stay comparable. Values shown as “<0.1%” or “>99.9%” are bounds; the underlying values sum to 100%.

Compare sources

Selected threshold ±1%. Every source uses the same event and the same 0.8820 reference, and is listed in Down / Within / Up order. OpenAI and Claude differ by up to 10 percentage points at ±1%.

Selected threshold ±5%. Every source uses the same event and the same 0.8820 reference, and is listed in Down / Within / Up order. OpenAI and Claude differ by up to 3 percentage points at ±5%.

Selected threshold ±10%. Every source uses the same event and the same 0.8820 reference, and is listed in Down / Within / Up order. OpenAI and Claude differ by up to 1 percentage point at ±10%.

Selected threshold ±50%. Every source uses the same event and the same 0.8820 reference, and is listed in Down / Within / Up order. OpenAI and Claude give the same estimates at ±50%.

Down, within and up probabilities by source at the selected threshold
Source Down Within Up Updated Coverage Details
AI average Average · uncalibrated 41%26%33% 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC Fresh2 of 2 models Details: AI average — method
OpenAI Research run 37%25%38% 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: OpenAI — run details
Claude Research run 46%26%28% 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: Claude — run details
Statistical reference Synthetic fixture 34%32%34% 30 Oct 2026 fixing FreshECB rate history Details: Statistical reference — method
AI average Average · uncalibrated 7%88%5% 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC Fresh2 of 2 models Details: AI average — method
OpenAI Research run 6%87%7% 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: OpenAI — run details
Claude Research run 7%89%4% 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: Claude — run details
Statistical reference Synthetic fixture 2%96%2% 30 Oct 2026 fixing FreshECB rate history Details: Statistical reference — method
AI average Average · uncalibrated 0.4%99.2%0.4% 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC Fresh2 of 2 models Details: AI average — method
OpenAI Research run 0.4%99.0%0.6% 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: OpenAI — run details
Claude Research run 0.4%99.4%0.2% 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: Claude — run details
Statistical reference Synthetic fixture <0.1%>99.9%<0.1% 30 Oct 2026 fixing FreshECB rate history Details: Statistical reference — method
AI average Average · uncalibrated <0.1%>99.9%<0.1% 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC Fresh2 of 2 models Details: AI average — method
OpenAI Research run <0.1%>99.9%<0.1% 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: OpenAI — run details
Claude Research run <0.1%100.0%0.0% 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC Fresh4 cited sources Details: Claude — run details
Statistical reference Synthetic fixture <0.1%100.0%0.0% 30 Oct 2026 fixing FreshECB rate history Details: Statistical reference — method
Prediction markets No matching market No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found. Checked 31 Oct 2026, 06:05 UTC.
Source details
AI average — method

Simple mean of the OpenAI and Claude probabilities for each outcome, rounded so the three sum to 100. Uncalibrated: it has not been adjusted using settled outcomes.

Both models receive the same evidence pack and reference price, so their estimates are not statistically independent. Averaging two runs does not double the information.

OpenAI — run details

Model: [OpenAI model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Claude — run details

Model: [Anthropic model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Statistical reference — method

Synthetic fixture: lognormal rate at the target with zero median change and 2.5% volatility over the horizon (about 6% a year).

A simple baseline from price history. It is not a market-implied (risk-neutral) estimate, and no claim is made that it is more or less accurate than the models.

AI average

Average · uncalibrated
Fresh
Down
41%
Within
26%
Up
33%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC · 2 of 2 models

Details: AI average — method

Simple mean of the OpenAI and Claude probabilities for each outcome, rounded so the three sum to 100. Uncalibrated: it has not been adjusted using settled outcomes.

Both models receive the same evidence pack and reference price, so their estimates are not statistically independent. Averaging two runs does not double the information.

OpenAI

Research run
Fresh
Down
37%
Within
25%
Up
38%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: OpenAI — run details

Model: [OpenAI model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Claude

Research run
Fresh
Down
46%
Within
26%
Up
28%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: Claude — run details

Model: [Anthropic model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Statistical reference

Synthetic fixture
Fresh
Down
34%
Within
32%
Up
34%

Updated 30 Oct 2026 fixing · ECB rate history

Details: Statistical reference — method

Synthetic fixture: lognormal rate at the target with zero median change and 2.5% volatility over the horizon (about 6% a year).

A simple baseline from price history. It is not a market-implied (risk-neutral) estimate, and no claim is made that it is more or less accurate than the models.

Prediction markets

No matching market

No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found.

AI average

Average · uncalibrated
Fresh
Down
7%
Within
88%
Up
5%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC · 2 of 2 models

Details: AI average — method

Simple mean of the OpenAI and Claude probabilities for each outcome, rounded so the three sum to 100. Uncalibrated: it has not been adjusted using settled outcomes.

Both models receive the same evidence pack and reference price, so their estimates are not statistically independent. Averaging two runs does not double the information.

OpenAI

Research run
Fresh
Down
6%
Within
87%
Up
7%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: OpenAI — run details

Model: [OpenAI model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Claude

Research run
Fresh
Down
7%
Within
89%
Up
4%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: Claude — run details

Model: [Anthropic model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Statistical reference

Synthetic fixture
Fresh
Down
2%
Within
96%
Up
2%

Updated 30 Oct 2026 fixing · ECB rate history

Details: Statistical reference — method

Synthetic fixture: lognormal rate at the target with zero median change and 2.5% volatility over the horizon (about 6% a year).

A simple baseline from price history. It is not a market-implied (risk-neutral) estimate, and no claim is made that it is more or less accurate than the models.

Prediction markets

No matching market

No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found.

AI average

Average · uncalibrated
Fresh
Down
0.4%
Within
99.2%
Up
0.4%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC · 2 of 2 models

Details: AI average — method

Simple mean of the OpenAI and Claude probabilities for each outcome, rounded so the three sum to 100. Uncalibrated: it has not been adjusted using settled outcomes.

Both models receive the same evidence pack and reference price, so their estimates are not statistically independent. Averaging two runs does not double the information.

OpenAI

Research run
Fresh
Down
0.4%
Within
99.0%
Up
0.6%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: OpenAI — run details

Model: [OpenAI model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Claude

Research run
Fresh
Down
0.4%
Within
99.4%
Up
0.2%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: Claude — run details

Model: [Anthropic model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Statistical reference

Synthetic fixture
Fresh
Down
<0.1%
Within
>99.9%
Up
<0.1%

Updated 30 Oct 2026 fixing · ECB rate history

Details: Statistical reference — method

Synthetic fixture: lognormal rate at the target with zero median change and 2.5% volatility over the horizon (about 6% a year).

A simple baseline from price history. It is not a market-implied (risk-neutral) estimate, and no claim is made that it is more or less accurate than the models.

Prediction markets

No matching market

No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found.

AI average

Average · uncalibrated
Fresh
Down
<0.1%
Within
>99.9%
Up
<0.1%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC · 2 of 2 models

Details: AI average — method

Simple mean of the OpenAI and Claude probabilities for each outcome, rounded so the three sum to 100. Uncalibrated: it has not been adjusted using settled outcomes.

Both models receive the same evidence pack and reference price, so their estimates are not statistically independent. Averaging two runs does not double the information.

OpenAI

Research run
Fresh
Down
<0.1%
Within
>99.9%
Up
<0.1%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: OpenAI — run details

Model: [OpenAI model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:09 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Claude

Research run
Fresh
Down
<0.1%
Within
100.0%
Up
0.0%

Updated 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · 4 cited sources

Details: Claude — run details

Model: [Anthropic model ID from run metadata] · Run: 31 Oct 2026, 06:10 UTC · Evidence pack: [pack ID]

Returns a probability distribution over 26 return bins; all four thresholds are computed from it. Checked to sum to 100 and to nest across thresholds before publishing.

Statistical reference

Synthetic fixture
Fresh
Down
<0.1%
Within
100.0%
Up
0.0%

Updated 30 Oct 2026 fixing · ECB rate history

Details: Statistical reference — method

Synthetic fixture: lognormal rate at the target with zero median change and 2.5% volatility over the horizon (about 6% a year).

A simple baseline from price history. It is not a market-implied (risk-neutral) estimate, and no claim is made that it is more or less accurate than the models.

Prediction markets

No matching market

No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found.

Distribution of possible moves

AI average, built from the threshold probabilities and spread evenly within each band. Heights show probability per percentage point.

Down band Within band Up band Selected threshold Reference, 0%

Histogram of the bands listed in the table beside: probability per percentage point for each band between −10% and +10%.

Hover a band for its price range and probability. Not drawn: 0.4% of outcomes below −10% (0.7938) and 0.4% above +10% (0.9702). The ±50% boundaries (0.4410 and 1.3230) are far outside this axis.

The same distribution as a table
Change Rate Prob. Per point
Below −10% Below 0.7938 0.4% —
−10% to −5% 0.7938–0.8379 6% 1.29
−5% to −1% 0.8379–0.8732 35% 8.69
−1% to +1% 0.8732–0.8908 26% 12.84
+1% to +5% 0.8908–0.9261 27% 6.86
+5% to +10% 0.9261–0.9702 5% 0.98
Above +10% Above 0.9702 0.4% —
Total 100%

Why these estimates?

Directional factors follow the quote (pounds per euro): “higher” means EUR/GBP rises. Each item says whether it is a reported fact or the model’s inference.

What could push EUR/GBP higher?

  1. [Reported fact] Reported fact

    [Fact quoted from source 2 with its own date, for example a published inflation figure.] 2

  2. Risk sentiment Model inference

    A broad shift in global risk appetite could favour the euro against the pound before the target date. 3

What could push it lower?

  1. Rate differential Model inference

    If the Bank of England keeps rates higher for longer than the ECB, the pound tends to gain against the euro. 1

  2. [Reported fact] Reported fact

    [Fact quoted from source 4 with its own date.] 4

Events before the target date

Scheduled dates come from official calendars. Scenarios are hypothetical and have no date.

Confirmed dates

  1. 9 Dec 2026

    US Federal Reserve policy decision

    FOMC meeting 8–9 Dec; statement at 2:00 p.m. ET. Federal Reserve calendar

    Confirmed date
  2. 17 Dec 2026

    ECB monetary policy meeting

    Decision followed by a press conference. ECB meeting calendar

    Confirmed date
  3. 31 Dec 2026

    Target observation

    ECB reference rate for Thursday, 31 Dec settles this forecast.

    Forecast target
  4. 26–27 Jan 2027

    US Federal Reserve meeting

    After the target date, so it cannot affect this outcome.

    After target

Hypothetical scenarios

  • A sudden global risk-off move that shifts demand toward safe-haven currencies.

    Scenario · no date

Prediction-market context

No matching market Related market: none Checked 31 Oct 2026, 06:05 UTC

No contract on EUR/GBP settles near December 2026, and no related contract was found. Market evidence is left out rather than shown as 0%.

Options-implied (risk-neutral) estimates are a different kind of evidence and are not shown in this version. How sources are matched

What this forecast may miss

  • Moves between fixings. The ECB rate is one daily observation; market rates at other times can differ.
  • Weekend news. Anything after 31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC enters only with a new version.
  • Calibration. Very few EUR/GBP forecasts have settled; the AI average is uncalibrated.

Forecast versions

Each version keeps its own reference rate and source timestamps. Earlier versions are stored, never overwritten. Shown at ±1%; every version holds all four thresholds.

Stored versions of this forecast
Published Reference rate Down / Within / Up at ±1% Version
31 Oct 2026, 06:12 UTC 0.8820 · 30 Oct fixing 41% / 26% / 33% Current version · viewing